DECORATIVE TECHNIQUES 

auricular effects 307–8, 308 

banding 101–2, 125 
          feather 101, 102 
          gold 217 
          horn 217, 226 
          ivory 215, 218, 220, 223, 224, 224, 226 
          tortoiseshell 216, 216, 217, 421 
          see also: cross-banding; stringing 

bead-and-reel 55, 124 

beading 55, 102, 120 

black lacquer ware 162, 167, 176; see also: japanning; lacquerwork  

boulle work 221–22, 226–27, 226, 389, 406, 407; see also: straw work 

bright-cut engraving 
          pewter 323, 324 
          silver 277, 312, 312, 313 

bronzing 187, 296–97, 296 

caneware 335, 335 

carving, decorative 93, 102 
          Chinese 210, 212–13, 213 
          Chinese-style 231–32, 232 
          classical-style 112 
          rococo-style 107, 108 
          under-cut 213, 213, 214 
          wood 81, 93, 93, 136–37, 137 
          see also fretwork; gadrooning 

chasing (decoration) 306, 307, 308–9, 308, 309, 317, 318, 319 

coats of arms  
          carved 137 
          engraved 305, 306, 312, 331 
          painted 330 
          wax 392, 392 
          wood inlaid 108–9, 109 

copper-wheel engraving 361–62, 362 

cross-banding 101, 102, 105 
          woods 97, 102, 115, 117, 399, 402 

découpage 187, 188, 194, 195 

‘diapering’ (pattern) 159, 164, 164 

ebonised wood 118, 119, 124 
          escutcheons 84; 
          handle 133 
          see also: black lacquer ware 

electroplating 58, 61, 279, 283, 314, 317–18, 317, 318, 324–25, 325 

embossing (metalwork) 325, 325, 326 

embroidery 204, 245, 245, 260, 397 

enamel painting 377–78, 385 
          on copper ground 377–78 
          on creamware 342 
          on gold ground 377–78 
          on porcelain 330–31, 330, 348–50, 349, 351, 352, 352, 354, 357 
          portrait miniatures 377–78 
          on stoneware 336, 337 

enamelling 377 
          champlevé 377 
          cloisonné 377 
          colours/tints of 383 
          decoration 319 
          filigree 377 
          on glass 362–63, 362 
          production processes 382 
          and transfer-printing 378–79, 379, 380–81, 384 

engraving 55 
          armorials/crest/coats of arms 32, 40, 213, 214, 217, 222, 224–25, 224, 226, 304, 305, 306, 310, 410, 411 
          initials, insignia 215, 215, 216, 217, 217, 220, 223, 224–25, 224, 245, 313, 410 
          inscriptions 134, 134, 215, 215, 218, 372, 375 
          machine-stamped 325 
          scenic panels 304, 310–12, 310 
          surface decoration 304, 304, 307, 310, 310, 322, 323, 323, 325 
          see also: bright-cut engraving; copper-wheel engraving 

featherwork 43–44, 196, 396–97, 397 
          caddies 396–97, 397 

finishing (cabinetry) 54–55 
          decorative painted 278–79, 278, 279 
          oil 101 
          wax 101 
          see also: polishing 

French polishing 55, 101 

fretwork 102, 213, 213, 312 
          blind 93, 105–6, 106, 107, 136, 231, 231, 273 
          Chinese-style 93, 105, 106, 107 

gadrooning 55, 102, 107, 107, 314, 316, 316, 406 

galloon (silver braid) 88, 88, 213, 252 

gilding  
          ceramic wares 330, 331, 331, 344, 344 
          enamelware 376 
          glass 375 
          japanned ware 187, 273–74 
          mercury 75 
          paper 236 
          papier mâché 283, 288, 295, 296, 409 
          porcelain 333, 353, 357 
          stoneware 337 
          wood 236, 237 

gilt decoration 350 
          Chinese-style raised 178, 189, 190, 191, 192, 192 

glazes 339 

glues/glueing 99–100 

half-square work see: parquetry: miniature 

incised decoration 
          black lac 45, 197, 197, 211, 214–15, 215, 389, 389, 424 
          japanning 276–77, 276, 277 
          red lac 215 

inlays/insets 42, 66, 82, 102, 115–16, 119, 423  
          bone 420, 420 
          brass 43, 76, 77, 79, 80, 82, 94, 94, 102, 106, 110–12, 110, 111, 119, 120, 126, 219, 219, 226, 406, 407 
          ebony 400, 407, 408 
          exotic/imported woods used for 82, 92, 92, 96, 96, 98  
          floral/plant motifs 102, 102, 114, 115, 116, 116, 117 
          ivory 109, 109, 197, 197, 211, 214, 215, 421; see also penwork 
          marble 390–91, 390 
          metal/brass 76, 77, 79, 80, 82, 94, 94 
          mother-of-pearl 94, 109, 109, 225, 226, 227, 227, 230–32, 234, 234, 408, 409, 418, 419 
          neoclassical motifs 102, 102, 117 
          reproduction 420, 423, 423 
          wood 94, 95, 100, 102, 104, 109, 109, 114, 114, 115, 119, 124, 128, 129, 130, 400, 401, 407, 408, 409;

          see also: MATERIALS; 
          see also banding; piqué work; stringing; veneers 

japanning 56–57, 61, 63, 66, 68, 178, 180–82, 186, 200, 264, 264, 271–72  
          amateur pursuit 181–84, 189, 193 
          caddies 56, 58, 63, 66, 68, 77–78, 86, 178, 188–89, 190, 191, 192 
          canisters 32 
          chests 77–78, 89, 178, 183, 185, 187–88, 188, 189, 190–91, 190, 191 
          furniture 180, 180 
          instruction manuals/patterns for 183, 184–86 
          on metal 192, 264–67, 271–73, 287–88, 294 
          on papier mâché 56–58, 74, 81, 192, 267, 269–70, 272, 275, 282, 286–88 
          process/methods 185 
          professionals 183, 183 
          tea trays 30, 330 
          varnishes 287–88, 272–73 
          wood, japanned 178, 187, 188, 192, 192, 272 
          see also: black lacquer ware; lacquerwork; nashiji 

lac 186, 186 

lacquerwork 
          caddies/chests 47, 180, 190–92 
          Chinese 47, 180, 190–92, 191, 193 
          furniture 20, 180, 180 
          imitations 178, 180–81, 234, 266, 266, 276, 330, 388 
          Japanese 47, 179, 180, 301 
          Javanese 180, 180 
          see also: black lacquer ware; japanning 

mapwork (gilded) 288, 288 

marquetry 47, 49, 54, 54, 92, 98, 108, 109, 114–15, 154, 157, 398, 409 
          boulle 221–22, 226, 261 
          caddies/chests 47, 54, 54 
          insets 115, 423 
          motifs: feather 423, 423; floral 408; shells 399, 423, 423 
          reproduction 423, 423 
          woods used for 54, 54, 97, 98 

mosaic decoration 58, 140, 424 
          tessellated 147–49, 147, 148, 149, 150, 151, 153–55, 153 
          see also marquetry; rolled paper (filigree) 

mouldings 105, 107, 110 
          bobbin 120 
          cavetto 108–9, 109, 110, 112 
          ovolo (quarter-round) 104, 104, 107 

nashiji finish (japanning): simulations of 187, 189, 190 

oil finishing 101 

painted decoration 142, 143, 144–45, 145, 157, 159, 163–65, 163, 166, 168, 173, 173, 178, 179, 189, 189, 190, 191, 192, 193, 193, 195, 218, 237, 240, 244, 245, 246, 246, 248, 250, 262, 263, 265, 266, 273–75, 274, 284, 285, 290, 290, 291, 295–96, 295, 296, 298, 298, 300–301, 300, 330, 338, 338, 349, 350, 350, 351, 353–56, 353, 354, 362, 377, 382, 382, 383, 384, 386, 391, 391, 409 
          on carcasses 193–94, 195, 225, 424, 424 
          chest interiors 214 
          cold-painting 266, 267, 275, 362–63 
          marbling 278, 278 
          medallions/plaques 193, 193, 194, 216, 216, 217, 233, 233, 244–45, 246, 247, 421 
          oil or varnish-based paints 193 
          simulated finishes 126–27, 127, 131, 132, 229, 229, 279, 280, 391, 391 
          tartan designs 167–68, 166; see also tartan ware  
          watercolour 198–200; see also penwork 
          wood 160–61, 193–94, 195, 225, 424, 424 
          see also: enamel painting 

parquetry 49, 98, 98, 125, 125, 138, 140, 145, 409 
          cube work 145–46, 146, 147, 153, 154, 407 
          miniature (half-square work) 140, 147–48, 147 
          vandyke pattern 145, 146, 147 
          woods 95, 98, 408 

patination 418, 423–25 

pearl working 233–34, 297 

pen-and-ink work 114, 197, 197, 207, 207 

penwork 44, 58–59, 246 
          amateur pastime 196–99, 202, 207 
          caddies/chests 77–78, 196, 199, 200, 202, 203, 205, 206, 207 
          on furniture 408, 409 
          instruction manuals 198, 200–201, 201, 204, 206, 208–9, 208, 209 
          materials 201–203 
          professional 197–98 
          technique 197–200 
          woods 74, 81, 198, 203 
          see also: prints/engravings: hand-colouring  

piercing 231, 232, 312, 312, 342, 386, 387 

piqué work 216, 225 
          gold 216, 216, 217 
          ivory 421 
          mother-of-pearl 216, 217, 220, 421, 421 
          silver 216, 217, 223, 224 

pokerwork 229, 229 

polishing 101 
          colour changes in wood 95 
          japanned wares 188 
          mother-of-pearl 233 
          oil 101 
          wax 101 
          see also: finishing; French polishing  

press-moulding (surface decoration) 334, 336–37, 336 

prints/engravings: 
          applied to items 94, 138, 144–45 
          copies of 164, 164, 165, 166, 169, 171, 331, 342, 343, 350; see also: transfer prints 
          design inspiration 164, 184, 187–88, 188, 204, 289–90, 291, 304, 308, 311–12, 335–37, 336, 356–57, 379 
          hand-colouring 94, 193, 194, 194, 195, 233, 237, 244, 262, 263, 295, 295, 298, 299 
          over-glaze 351–52; see also: underglaze-blue: printed 
          see also: découpage; medallions; transfer ware 

religious themes 165, 166, 262, 263 

repoussé (decoration) 309–10, 310, 319 

ribbing/reeding 215–16, 217, 315, 351, 351, 354, 403, 406 

rolled paper (filigree) 196–97, 236–38, 246–47, 255 
          caddies 86, 234, 236–37, 237, 238–46, 240, 241, 242, 243, 244, 245, 246, 247 
          carcasses 238–40, 239 
          decorative elements 43–44, 58–59, 85 
          patterns and colour schemes 240, 241–45, 241, 242, 243 

rural/pastoral scenes 142, 143, 144, 145, 166, 262, 263, 290, 290, 295 

Scoto-Russian (finish) 177, 177 

‘scratch-blue’ 336, 337 

seedlac (varnish) 181, 186–88 

shellac 181, 186–87 

silvering 
          on hinges 85, 140, 192, 200, 203, 203, 240 
          on japanned ware 187 

slip-casting 334, 334, 337, 347, 350 

spinning (metalwork) 323, 325 

‘sprigging’ (surface decoration) 334, 336, 339 

staining of wood 101, 101, 102, 114, 115 

stencils, use of 164, 198, 199, 278, 289 

Stormont pattern see ‘mapwork’  

straw plait/plaiting 249–50, 249, 250, 255, 259 

straw work 248–52, 249, 259–62, 262, 263 
          amateur pastime 251 
          boulle-inspired 261–62, 261 
          caddies 86, 89, 248, 249, 250, 251, 255, 256, 257–59, 258, 260, 262 
          chests 248, 261–62, 261 
          ‘onlay’ 262, 263 
          tea canisters 248, 248, 251–52, 252, 257, 261–62, 261, 263 
          tools 259–60, 259 
          trinket boxes 250, 250 

stringing 54, 102, 116 
          abalone 218 
          barber’s pole 102, 109, 109, 112, 114, 117, 396, 397 
          bone 217 
          boxwood 95, 96, 99, 100, 102, 104, 104, 105, 225, 397, 398, 400, 401, 407 
          brass 102, 110, 391, 406, 409 
          ebonised 240 
          ebony 102, 194, 195 
          gold 217 
          holly 94, 102 
          horn 210, 216, 421 
          ivory 218, 220, 223, 224, 224, 225, 326, 379 
          pewter 96, 102, 226, 421 
          silver 108, 109, 218, 225, 226, 227, 395, 421 
          tortoiseshell 216, 216, 217, 421, 421 
          woods (British) used for 94, 95 

surface patterns/decoration 
          architectural-inspired 214, 215, 227, 244 
          ‘basket weave’ 227, 227 
          Chinese-style reliefs 334, 336–37 
          ‘damask’ 325, 326 
          ‘diaper’ 159, 164, 164, 337, 337, 343–44, 354–55, 384 
          domino 340, 340 
          engine-turned 335, 335, 339, 341, 343 
          engraved (metal) 305, 305, 317, 322, 323, 323, 325 
          feather-patterns 327 
          geometric 118, 248, 251, 256, 258, 258, 260, 260, 343, 397, 397 
          impressed 339, 339 
          relief 335, 335, 344 
          steel stud 216, 217 
          see also: auricular effects; carving, decorative; embossing (metalwork); gadrooning; ribbing/reeding 

‘tea pickers’ designs/scenes 308, 308, 312, 317 

topographical scenes/views 145, 157, 163, 163, 284, 295, 298, 298, 300–301, 300 

transfer prints/printing 
          creamware 341, 341, 343 
          earthenware 378, 379, 381 
          enamel 378–81, 385 
          glass 298 
          papier mâché 289 
          porcelain 333, 351, 356, 380 
          stoneware 337 
          wood 137, 137 

underglaze-blue (ceramics) 330, 343, 353, 357 
          marks 346, 357 
          painted 38, 344, 345, 348, 348, 350–51, 351, 353–55, 353, 354, 355 
          printed 345, 345, 350, 350, 352, 353, 354, 355, 356–57 

varnishes 
          coloured/containing pigment 283, 287 
          copal 171, 177, 273, 283, 290, 299 
          damage caused by 245 
          japanning 181, 186–88, 266 
          papier mâché 283–84, 287–88, 299 
          penwork 199 
          resin-based 101 
          transfer ware 171 
          see also: French polishing 

veneering 48, 54, 98–100 
          machinery for 50, 54, 73, 100, 100 
          woods for 43, 54, 71–72, 74, 77, 78, 81, 81, 85–86, 95–96, 95, 98, 101, 101, 102, 111, 140, 141, 146, 148, 149, 152–53, 153, 154, 210, 210, 211, 215, 215–16, 216, 217, 219, 231, 231, 233–35, 234, 235, 326, 388, 388, 389, 391, 398, 399, 400, 402, 407, 409, 410, 410, 421, 421, 422, 424–25 

vermiculation (pen-and-ink) 164, 164, 165, 288; see also: ‘mapwork’  

verre églomisé 366–68, 367, 368, 370 

wax 
          damage caused by 245 
          finishes 101 
          sealing 196, 392, 392 

‘Wolverhampton style’ see bronzing 

wood, simulated finishes 85, 101, 194, 299, 300 

wood, turned feet 81, 81, 122